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    COST
    Earnings call· Feb 2025(Q2 FY25)

    COSTCO WHOLESALE CORP /NEW COST

    Mar 6, 2025 Source

    Executive summary

    Costco Q2 FY25 — Strong Comps and Membership Growth Despite Macro Headwinds

    Costco delivered robust Q2 FY25 results, driven by strong comparable sales and continued growth in membership. The company is navigating a dynamic macro environment with strategic investments in employee wages and supply chain, while focusing on value for members. International markets showed strong performance, though FX headwinds persist, and the company remains agile in addressing potential tariff impacts.

    Highlights

    5
    • Total company comparable sales increased 9.1% adjusted for gas deflation and FX.

    • E-commerce comparable sales grew 22.2% adjusted for FX.

    • Paid household members increased 6.8% to 78.4 million, with U.S. and Canada renewal rate at 93%.

    • Operating income increased 12.3% year-over-year.

    • SG&A rate improved by 8 basis points to 9.06%.

    Concerns

    4
    • Foreign exchange rate movements negatively impacted international net income by $57 million or $0.13 per diluted share.

    • Interest income faced a year-over-year headwind of $38 million due to lower cash balances and interest rates.

    • Core-on-core margins were lower by 8 basis points due to investments in supply chain and mix changes in nonfood categories.

    • New employee agreement expected to create a mid-single-digit basis point headwind to SG&A in the new quarter.

    Guidance & targets

    3
    CategoryTargetConfidence
    Capital expenditure
    approximately $5 billion
    medium materiality
    High
    SG&A impact from new employee agreement
    mid-single digits
    medium materiality
    High
    Interest income
    continue to be a year-over-year headwind
    low materiality
    High

    Segment performance

    5
    SegmentRevenueYoYQoQMargin
    U.S.
    Strong comparable sales, with traffic up 5.6% and average transaction up 2.6% (2.8% adjusted).
    Comparable sales ex-gas deflation: 8.6%
    8.3%
    Canada
    Outstanding quarter with record results on a constant currency basis, despite negative FX impact.
    Comparable sales ex-gas deflation and FX: 10.5%
    4.6%
    Other International
    Record results on a constant currency basis, negatively impacted by foreign exchange fluctuations.
    Comparable sales ex-gas deflation and FX: 10.3%
    1.7%
    Total Company
    Net sales increased 9.1% from $57.33 billion last year. Traffic increased 5.7% worldwide, average transaction up 1% (3.2% adjusted).
    Comparable sales ex-gas deflation and FX: 9.1%
    $62.53 billion9.1%
    E-commerce
    Showed considerable strength, with significant growth drivers including bullion, home furnishings, and small electrics.
    Comparable sales ex-FX: 22.2%
    20.9%

    Operational metrics

    66
    Net income
    $1.788 billionup from $1.743 billion
    Q2 FY25

    Reported GAAP net income for the quarter.

    Diluted EPS
    $4.02up from $3.92
    Q2 FY25

    Reported GAAP diluted earnings per share for the quarter.

    Net income (Adjusted)
    8.4%YoY growth
    Q2 FY25

    Net income growth excluding prior year's discrete tax item.

    Diluted EPS (Adjusted)
    8.4%YoY growth
    Q2 FY25

    Diluted EPS growth excluding prior year's discrete tax item.

    Operating income growth
    12.3%YoY
    Q2 FY25

    Operating income increased compared to last year.

    FX impact on International Net Income
    $57 millionnegative impact
    Q2 FY25

    Negative impact on translation of international net income to U.S. dollars.

    Net sales
    $62.53 billionincrease of 9.1% from $57.33 billion
    Q2 FY25

    Total net sales for the second quarter.

    FX impact on Total Sales
    2.1%negative impact
    Q2 FY25

    Foreign currencies negatively impacted sales.

    Gas price deflation impact on Total Sales
    0.1%negative impact
    Q2 FY25

    Gas price deflation negatively impacted sales.

    Membership fee income
    $1.193 billionincrease of $82 million or 7.4% YoY
    Q2 FY25

    Total membership fee income for the quarter.

    Membership fee income growth
    9.4%YoY
    Q2 FY25

    Membership fee income growth adjusted for foreign exchange.

    Membership fee increase contribution
    3%
    Q2 FY25

    Contribution to fee income from recent membership fee increase.

    Renewal rate
    93%
    Q2 FY25 end

    Renewal rate for U.S. and Canada members.

    Renewal rate
    90.5%
    Q2 FY25 end

    Worldwide membership renewal rate.

    Paid household members
    78.4 millionup 6.8% versus last year
    Q2 FY25 end

    Total number of paid household members.

    Cardholders
    140.6 millionup 6.6% year-over-year
    Q2 FY25 end

    Total number of cardholders.

    Paid Executive Memberships
    36.9 millionup 9.1% versus last year
    Q2 FY25 end

    Total number of paid Executive Memberships.

    Executive Members as % of paid members
    47.1%
    Q2 FY25 end

    Percentage of paid members who are Executive Members.

    Executive Members as % of worldwide sales
    73.8%
    Q2 FY25 end

    Percentage of worldwide sales generated by Executive Members.

    Gross margin
    10.85%higher YoY by 5 bps from 10.8%
    Q2 FY25

    Reported gross margin rate for the quarter.

    Gross margin
    4 bpsup
    Q2 FY25

    Gross margin rate change adjusted for gas deflation.

    Core-on-core margins
    8 bpslower
    Q2 FY25

    Core margins on own sales, reflecting investments and mix.

    Ancillary and other businesses gross margin
    1 bpshigher
    Q2 FY25

    Gross margin for ancillary businesses.

    LIFO impact on gross margin
    1 bpslower
    Q2 FY25

    LIFO credit impact on gross margin.

    SG&A rate
    9.06%lower YoY by 8 bps from 9.14%
    Q2 FY25

    Reported SG&A rate for the quarter.

    SG&A rate
    9 bpslower
    Q2 FY25

    SG&A rate change adjusted for gas deflation.

    Operations SG&A
    7 bpslower
    Q2 FY25

    Improvement in operations component of SG&A.

    Preopening SG&A
    1 bpslower
    Q2 FY25

    Preopening SG&A impact.

    Interest expense
    $36 millionversus $41 million last year
    Q2 FY25

    Interest expense for the quarter.

    Interest income
    $109 millionversus $147 million last year
    Q2 FY25

    Interest income for the quarter.

    FX and other gain
    $33 millionversus $69 million last year
    Q2 FY25

    Gain from foreign exchange and other items.

    Tax rate
    26.2%compared to 22.1% in Q2 last year
    Q2 FY25

    Effective tax rate for the quarter.

    Capital expenditure
    $1.14 billion
    Q2 FY25

    Capital expenditure in the second quarter.

    Comparable sales
    mid-teens
    Q2 FY25

    Comparable sales growth for non-foods category.

    Comparable sales
    high single digits
    Q2 FY25

    Comparable sales growth for fresh category.

    Comparable sales
    low to mid-single-digit
    Q2 FY25

    Comparable sales growth for food and sundries.

    Member savings
    greater than 20%vs prior branded offering
    Q2 FY25

    Savings achieved by localizing production for China market.

    Value increase
    11%
    Q2 FY25

    Value increase achieved through product rework and new supplier.

    Comparable sales
    negative low single digits
    Q2 FY25

    Comparable sales for gas business.

    Overall inflation
    low single digits
    Q2 FY25

    Overall inflation rate across categories.

    Warehouse tool app visits
    over 43 million
    Q2 FY25

    Visits to the new app feature for local item availability.

    Costco Logistics deliveries
    over 500,000record
    Holiday season

    Deliveries for big and bulky items during the holiday season.

    Costco Next vendor sites
    approaching 100
    Q2 FY25

    Number of vendor sites on the curated marketplace.

    Co-brand credit card gas reward
    5%increased
    Q2 FY25

    Increased cash back rate on gas purchases at Costco locations.

    Co-brand credit card Executive Member reward
    4%double their cash back
    Q2 FY25

    Cash back rate for Executive Members using the co-brand card.

    Retail media campaigns live
    roughly 10
    Q2 FY25

    Number of off-site retail media campaigns with partners.

    Net sales
    $19.81 billionincrease of 8.8% from $18.21 billion last year
    February

    Net sales for the month of February.

    Comparable sales
    8.6%
    February

    U.S. comparable sales for February.

    Comparable sales
    3.2%
    February

    Canada comparable sales for February.

    Comparable sales
    down 0.6%
    February

    Other International comparable sales for February.

    Comparable sales
    6.5%
    February

    Total company comparable sales for February.

    Comparable sales
    19%
    February

    E-commerce comparable sales for February.

    Comp traffic
    5%worldwide
    February

    Comparable traffic for February.

    FX impact on sales
    6%negative impact
    February

    Foreign currencies negatively impacted Canada sales.

    FX impact on sales
    7%negative impact
    February

    Foreign currencies negatively impacted Other International sales.

    FX impact on sales
    1.8%negative impact
    February

    Foreign currencies negatively impacted total company sales.

    Average transaction
    1.4%up
    February

    Worldwide average transaction growth for February.

    Comparable sales
    positive mid-single digits
    February

    Comparable sales for food and sundries in February, excluding FX.

    Comparable sales
    high single digits
    February

    Comparable sales for fresh foods in February, excluding FX.

    Comparable sales
    positive low teens
    February

    Comparable sales for nonfoods in February, excluding FX.

    Ancillary business sales
    low single digitsup
    February

    Sales for ancillary businesses in February.

    Gas sales
    down low single digits
    February

    Sales for gas business in February.

    Average wage
    a little more than $31
    Current

    Average wage for employees in U.S. and Canada.

    Top-of-scale wage
    $31.90
    Current

    New top-of-scale wage for U.S. service clerks.

    Minimum wage
    $20increased by $0.50
    Current

    New minimum wage effective March 3.

    Special dividend
    $6.7 billion
    January 2024

    Special dividend paid in January 2024, impacting cash balances.

    Industry KPIs

    10
    MetricValueDetails
    Sg a rate9.06%%
    Marketplace 3p GMVrecord holiday sales
    Gross margin drivers10.85%%
    Fuel gas station economicsnegative low single digits%
    Warehouse store club count900locations
    Comparable same store sales6.8%%
    E commerce digital sales growth20.9%%
    Advertising retail media revenueroughly 10campaigns
    Private label own brand penetrationfaster pace
    Category level comps and inflation deflationlow single digits%

    Product announcements

    5
    ProductTypeDetails
    KS Purified Waterlaunch
    Kirkland Signature Diapersupdate
    KS French Fries, KS Vodka and Soda, KS Lagerlaunch
    Strawberry Banana Smoothielaunch
    Turkey Provolone Sandwichlaunch

    Capital programs

    1
    New Warehouse Openingsunderway
    Start: FY25

    Benefit: 28 new openings (25 net new buildings)

    Projecting 28 new openings during fiscal year '25, of which 3 will be relocations for 25 net new buildings. Includes 15 in U.S., 3 in Canada, 7 in Other International.

    Risks & headwinds

    5
    Foreign exchange fluctuationsQ2 FY25, February, remainder of FY25

    negatively impacted international net income by $57 million or $0.13 per diluted share in Q2 FY25; negatively impacted total sales by 2.1% in Q2 FY25; negatively impacted Canada sales by 6% and Other International by 7% in February; negatively impacted total company sales by 1.8% in February.

    Mitigation: Teams remain agile, goal to minimize impact.

    Potential tariffsFuture

    About 1/3 of U.S. sales imported, less than half of those from China, Mexico, and Canada.

    Mitigation: Team remains agile, goal to minimize impact of related cost increases to members by leveraging global buying power, strong supplier relationships, and innovation. Buyers are prepared to work with suppliers to find efficiencies.

    Interest rate headwindsRemainder of FY25

    Interest income faced $38 million year-over-year headwind in Q2 FY25 (from $147M to $109M).

    Mitigation: Lapped lower year-over-year cash balances following special dividend.

    SG&A headwind from new employee agreementFrom March 3 onwards (Q3 FY25)

    mid-single-digit basis point headwind year-over-year

    Mitigation: Continue to drive productivity and efficiency to offset costs; committed to investing in employees as part of code of ethics.

    Supply chain predictabilityOngoing

    shipping delivery dates are still less predictable than they were pre-COVID

    Mitigation: Proactive ordering of higher inventory levels over the past year.

    What to watch in Q3 FY25

    5

    SG&A impact from new employee agreement

    Q3 FY25
    Currentmid-single-digit basis point headwind expected
    TargetActual basis point impact on SG&A

    Why it matters

    This will show the immediate financial impact of the new employee agreement on operating expenses.

    While there was no impact in Q2, we estimate that this will create a headwind to SG&A of 13 basis points from March 3. However, we will also lap a smaller increase from the same point in the prior year, so the net year-over-year basis point headwind from this wage investment is expected to be mid-single digits.

    Q&A highlights

    6

    Is the consumer cutting back on discretionary/nondiscretionary purchases? Any slowing due to tariffs, especially in Canada?

    Management sees no significant change in consumer behavior, who remain focused on value and quality, but are choiceful. Some shift to food-at-home. Nonfoods are strong, with some categories like electronics/apparel flatter. Canada's performance remains very strong. Tariffs are fluid, but Costco is prepared to mitigate impacts.

    We're not really seeing any change in what we've seen around our members over the last really few quarters. We believe that the member is probably as much focused now on quality, value and newness as they have been for quite some time. But they are still showing that willingness to spend, but they're being very choiceful where they're spending their dollars.

    asked by Simeon Gutman · answered by Gary Millerchip

    3 min read6 chapters

    Detailed Narrative

    01

    Employee Compensation and Benefits

    Costco's updated employee agreement took effect this week in the U.S. and Canada, reflecting a commitment to industry-leading pay and benefits. Highlights include an immediate $1/hour top-of-scale increase, with additional $1 increases in March 2026 and March 2027. The top-of-scale wage for U.S. service clerks is now $31.90/hour. The minimum wage increased by $0.50/hour to $20/hour. Paid vacations are now offered during the first year of employment, and U.S. employees can receive 6 weeks of vacation after 30 years of service. The average wage for U.S. and Canada employees is over $31/hour, including bonuses.

    02

    Kirkland Signature (KS) Innovation and Value

    The company continues to expand its private label Kirkland Signature offerings, focusing on quality and value. Examples of recent price reductions include KS Refined Olive Oil from $29.99 to $27.99, KS Organic Peanut Butter from $11.49 to $9.99, and KS Tortilla Strips from $5.69 to $4.99. A new KS Purified Water SKU for China is produced in-country, leading to over 20% member savings. New KS Diapers offer improved quality (longer/thicker absorbent layer, softer outer cover, 2x more stretch) and 11% better value. Other new KS offerings include French Fries, Vodka and Soda, and Lager. KS continues to grow faster than the overall business.

    03

    Digital and E-commerce Initiatives

    Costco is advancing its technology roadmap, with the new warehouse tool in its app receiving over 43 million visits. For personalization, Q2 saw the first instance of multiple versions of digital MVMs sent out, differentiating messages based on previous shopping behavior. E-commerce sales were significantly boosted by bullion, but also saw double-digit growth in home furnishings, small electrics, hardware, and sporting goods. Costco Logistics had a record holiday season with over 500,000 deliveries, and Costco Next, the curated marketplace, also achieved record holiday sales with nearly 100 vendor sites.

    04

    Alternative Revenue Streams and Retail Media

    Improvements were made to the co-brand credit card, increasing the reward on gas purchases at Costco locations to 5%. Executive Members using the card can double their cash back to 4% on most purchases. The company is in the early stages of building out its retail media capabilities, with 10 campaigns currently live and many more in the pipeline. This initiative aims to leverage CPG marketing dollars and reinvest value into member benefits, rather than solely creating a new margin profile.

    05

    Inflation and Consumer Behavior

    Overall inflation in Q2 was low single digits, with fresh foods being the most inflationary, particularly meat and bakery (driven by eggs). Food and sundries saw low single-digit inflation, partially offset by deflation in sugar, butter, and flour. The supply chain remains relatively stable, though shipping delivery dates are less predictable. The consumer is described as focused on quality, value, and newness, showing willingness to spend but being very choiceful. There's a continued shift towards food at home versus food away from home.

    06

    Warehouse Expansion and Gas Station Hours

    Costco plans 28 new openings in FY25 (25 net new buildings), including 15 in the U.S., 3 in Canada, and 7 in other international countries. The 900th Costco location worldwide will open in Sharon, Massachusetts. Gas station hours in North America were extended, generally staying open an hour later, with some opening earlier, to enhance member convenience. The company is evaluating further store hour extensions but has no immediate plans.

    AI-generated summary of the company’s earnings call. Not investment advice.