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    NU
    Earnings call· Dec 2024(Q4 FY24)

    Nu Holdings Ltd. NU

    Feb 20, 2025 Source

    Executive summary

    Nu Holdings Q4 FY24 — Strong Growth Across Geographies and Deepening Customer Engagement

    Nu Holdings delivered a robust Q4 FY24, marked by significant customer growth across Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia, and strong financial performance with near-doubled net income and improved efficiency. The company continues to prioritize long-term customer engagement and strategic investments in new markets and product verticals, even as it navigates NIM compression from funding costs and FX, and moderates Pix financing growth to optimize customer experience.

    Highlights

    5
    • Total customers reached 114.2 million, with 20.4 million net additions in FY24, and active customers grew 22% YoY to nearly 95 million.

    • Revenues grew 58% YoY FX neutral to $11.5 billion in FY24, driven by ARPAC growth of 23% YoY FX neutral to $10.7.

    • Efficiency ratio improved to 29.9% for FY24, a 610 basis points improvement YoY, making Nu one of the most efficient global financial services platforms.

    • Net income nearly doubled from 2023 to close to $2 billion for FY24, with an annualized return on equity of 28%.

    • Secured lending portfolio grew an impressive 615% YoY to $1.4 billion, representing 23% of the total lending portfolio.

    Concerns

    3
    • Net interest margin contracted 70 basis points to 17.7% in Q4, primarily due to lower credit yields, increased funding costs in Mexico and Colombia, and negative FX movements.

    • Intentional deceleration of Pix financing eligibility growth in H2 2024 due to second-order effects on NPS and churn, with no significant expansion anticipated in the short term.

    • Monthly ARPAC experienced a slight decline of $0.03 sequentially, though it expanded 5% sequentially and 23% YoY on an FX-neutral basis.

    Guidance & targets

    2
    CategoryTargetConfidence
    Cost to serve per active customer
    at or below $1
    medium materiality
    High
    Overall expenses
    no meaningful changes
    medium materiality
    High

    Operational metrics

    50
    Total customers
    114.2 million22% YoY increase
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide total customers.

    Net customer additions
    20.4 million
    FY24

    Net customer additions for the full year.

    Active customer base
    95 million22% YoY increase
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide active customer base.

    Customer additions
    >1 million
    per month

    Customer additions rate in Brazil.

    Population served
    58%
    Q4 FY24

    Percentage of Brazilian population served by Nu.

    Customers
    10 million91% YoY increase
    Q4 FY24

    Total customers in Mexico.

    Adult population served
    12%
    Q4 FY24

    Percentage of Mexico's adult population served by Nu.

    Total deposits
    $28.9 billion55% FX neutral YoY growth
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide total deposits.

    Deposits
    $23.1 billion11% sequential FX neutral increase
    Q4 FY24

    Deposits in Brazil.

    Deposits
    $4.5 billion438% YoY increase
    Q4 FY24

    Deposits in Mexico.

    Deposits
    $1.3 billion
    Q4 FY24

    Deposits in Colombia, placing Nu among the country's top 5 financial institutions for demand deposits for individuals.

    Interest-earning portfolio
    $11.2 billion75% FX neutral growth
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide interest-earning portfolio.

    Revenues
    $11.5 billion58% FX neutral YoY growth
    FY24

    Company-wide revenues for the full year.

    ARPAC (monthly)
    $10.723% FX neutral YoY growth, 5% FX neutral sequential growth
    Q4 FY24

    Average Revenue Per Active Customer (monthly).

    ARPAC (monthly) mature cohorts
    $25
    Q4 FY24

    ARPAC for more mature customer cohorts.

    ARPAC (monthly) sequential decline
    $0.03sequential decline
    Q4 FY24

    Slight sequential decline in reported monthly ARPAC.

    Adjusted net income
    $610 million87% YoY growth
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide adjusted net income.

    Net income margins
    18%300 bps expansion
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide net income margins.

    Total credit portfolio
    $20.7 billion45% FX neutral YoY growth, 13% QoQ FX neutral growth
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide total credit portfolio.

    Credit card portfolio
    $14.6 billion28% FX neutral YoY growth, 9% QoQ FX neutral growth
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide credit card portfolio.

    Interest-earning installments
    27%
    Q4 FY24

    Share of interest-earning installments within the overall credit card portfolio.

    Lending portfolio
    $6.1 billiondoubled YoY, 22% sequential FX neutral gain
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide lending portfolio.

    Lending portfolio as % of total credit portfolio
    29%
    Q4 FY24

    Lending portfolio's share of the total credit portfolio.

    Secured lending portfolio
    $1.4 billion615% YoY growth
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide secured lending portfolio.

    Secured lending as % of total lending portfolio
    23%
    Q4 FY24

    Secured lending's share of the total lending portfolio.

    Total lending originations
    BRL 18.4 billion84% YoY growth
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide total lending originations.

    Unsecured lending originations
    BRL 15.6 billion
    Q4 FY24

    Unsecured lending originations.

    Secured lending originations
    BRL 2.8 billion
    Q4 FY24

    Secured lending originations.

    FGTS-backed loans as % of secured lending originations
    >60%
    Q4 FY24

    FGTS-backed loans' share of secured lending originations.

    Market share of new FGTS originations
    >30%
    Q4 FY24

    Nu's market share in new FGTS originations.

    Public payroll loans TAM reached
    70%
    coming months

    Total addressable market for public payroll loans in Brazil that Nu can reach through agreements.

    Customers eligible for payroll loans
    12 million
    Q4 FY24

    Number of Nu customers now eligible for payroll loans.

    FGTS loans eligibility
    $80 million
    Q4 FY24

    Additional amount available for FGTS loans.

    INSS originations from portability
    16%
    December 2024

    Percentage of INSS originations from customers who brought their loans to Nubank and refinanced.

    Ultravioleta customers
    ~700,000132% YoY increase
    Q4 FY24

    Number of high-income Ultravioleta customers.

    Ultravioleta credit card purchase volume
    $1.8 billion106% YoY increase
    Q4 FY24

    Purchase volume from Ultravioleta credit cards.

    Ultravioleta NPS
    84
    Q4 FY24

    Net Promoter Score for Ultravioleta customers.

    Ultravioleta brand consideration
    16%increase
    Q4 FY24

    Increase in brand consideration among high-income customers.

    Nu Marketplace customers
    >1 million
    FY24

    Customers shopping on Nu Marketplace throughout the year.

    Cost to serve per active customer
    $0.8011% FX neutral YoY increase
    Q4 FY24

    Cost to serve per active customer.

    Gross profit
    $1.4 billion44% FX neutral YoY increase, 8% sequential FX neutral increase
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide gross profit.

    Gross profit margin
    45.6%
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide gross profit margin.

    15 to 90 NPL ratio
    4.1%30 bps sequential decline
    Q4 FY24

    Leading indicator for NPL trends.

    90-plus NPLs
    7.0%20 bps sequential decline
    Q4 FY24

    Long-dated delinquencies.

    Credit card approval rates
    10%increase
    Q4 FY24

    Increase in credit card approval rates in Mexico.

    First payment default rate
    50%improved
    over 3 years

    Improvement in first payment default rate in Mexico.

    Credit card market share by purchase volume
    14%
    Q4 FY24

    Nu's market share in credit cards in Brazil based on purchase volume.

    Primary banking relationships
    61%
    Q4 FY24

    Percentage of active customer base for whom Nu is the primary banking relationship.

    Average number of products per active customer
    4.1
    Q4 FY24

    Average number of products held by active customers.

    Loan-to-deposit ratio
    39%
    Q4 FY24

    Company-wide loan-to-deposit ratio.

    Industry KPIs

    13
    MetricValueDetails
    Loans$20.7 billionUSD
    Deposits$28.9 billionUSD
    Rotce ROE28%%
    Cet1 ratio
    Capital returns
    Fee income lines
    Allowance reserves>200%%
    Net interest income$1.7 billionUSD
    Net interest margin17.7%%
    Net charge offs npls7.0%%
    Total operating expenses
    Provision for credit losses$804 millionUSD
    Efficiency ratio operating leverage29.9%%

    Product announcements

    2
    ProductTypeDetails
    Nu Travellaunch
    NuCellaunch

    Deals & partnerships

    2
    Multiple collateral counterpartiesAgreements for public payroll loans

    Signed 9 new agreements with collateral counterparties in the public sector, expanding the total addressable market for payroll loans.

    ClaroMVNO service

    Partnership to introduce NuCel, an MVNO service.

    Risks & headwinds

    3
    Pix financing eligibility decelerationshort term

    Eligibility growth tempered in H2 2024

    Mitigation: Refining Pix financing offer for different risk bands, testing 12 improvements in the market to minimize negative second-order effects on NPS, churn, and engagement.

    Macroeconomic environment deterioration

    Potential deterioration in inflation (food), high interest rates, general macroeconomic uncertainty

    Mitigation: Underwriting credit with assumptions that the future will be significantly worse than the past, incorporating stress in models, and reflecting a slightly worsened forecast in provisioning.

    Net interest margin compressionQ4 FY24

    70 basis points contraction QoQ to 17.7%

    Mitigation: Balance sheet optimization (shifting funds from cash to credit), expected deposit normalizations in Mexico and Colombia, and continued focus on credit underwriting discipline.

    What to watch in Q1 FY25

    5

    Pix financing penetration

    Coming quarters
    CurrentEligibility growth tempered in H2 2024, no significant expansion in short term.
    TargetResumption of growth in percentage terms.

    Why it matters

    Indicates management's ability to balance profitability with customer experience and re-accelerate growth in a key product.

    I don't want to create any expectations that this resumption of growth will happen necessarily in the next 1 or 2 quarters.

    Q&A highlights

    7

    Clarification on 'not expanding Pix in the short term' (absolute vs. percentage growth) and a breakdown of the factors contributing to NIM/risk-adjusted NIM compression.

    Lago clarified that Pix financing will not expand as a percentage of the overall portfolio in the short term, but may grow in absolute terms, aligning with overall credit card portfolio expansion. This is due to optimizing user experience and NPS, not profitability concerns. David emphasized prioritizing long-term customer love over short-term earnings. Lago detailed NIM contraction: 44-45% from FX, 55% equally from lower credit yields (due to secured lending mix) and higher funding costs in Mexico/Colombia. Risk-adjusted NIM also compressed by 60 bps, partially offset by 10 bps improvement in cost of risk.

    we should not grow Pix financing as a percentage of the overall portfolio, not in absolute terms. So yes, overall, Pix financing should continue to expand, but more in line with the overall expansion of our credit card portfolio in Brazil in the very short term.

    asked by Jorge Kuri · answered by Guilherme Marques do Lago

    2 min read6 chapters

    Detailed Narrative

    01

    Strategic Priorities & Geographic Expansion

    Nu Holdings continued its strategy of customer-centric growth, expanding its customer base to over 114 million across Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia. Mexico reached 10 million customers, serving 12% of the adult population, with deposits growing 438% to $4.5 billion. Colombia saw deposits reach $1.3 billion, placing Nu among the top 5 financial institutions for demand deposits for individuals in the country.

    02

    Credit Portfolio Growth & Diversification

    The total credit portfolio grew 45% YoY FX neutral to $20.7 billion, driven by both cards and lending. The lending portfolio more than doubled to $6.1 billion, now representing 29% of the total portfolio. Secured lending, including public payroll and FGTS-backed loans, surged 615% YoY to $1.4 billion, with Nu capturing over 30% market share in new FGTS originations.

    03

    High-Income Strategy & Ecosystem Expansion

    The Ultravioleta high-income segment grew significantly, with customers increasing 132% YoY to nearly 700,000. Purchase volume from Ultravioleta credit cards rose 106% YoY to $1.8 billion in Q4, accounting for 10% of Brazilian credit card purchase volume. Nu also expanded its ecosystem with launches like Nu Travel and NuCel (MVNO service with Claro), and Nu Marketplace reaching over 1 million shoppers.

    04

    NIM Dynamics and Balance Sheet Optimization

    Net interest margin contracted 70 basis points to 17.7% in Q4, primarily due to FX movements (44-45% of contraction), lower credit yields from product mix shifts towards secured lending, and increased funding costs in Mexico and Colombia. Management expects balance sheet optimization, particularly shifting from treasury bonds to credit, to drive future NIM expansion given the current loan-to-deposit ratio below 40%.

    05

    Asset Quality and Risk Management

    The 15 to 90 NPL ratio declined sequentially by 30 basis points to 4.1%, and 90-plus NPLs decreased by 20 basis points to 7.0%, reflecting mix shifts towards lower-risk customers and products. Nu maintains a robust provision coverage of over 200% for its renegotiated portfolio and consistently outperforms the industry in credit card NPLs across all risk bands.

    06

    Long-Term Vision: Global AI-Driven Digital Banking

    David Vélez outlined a "3-act story," with Act 1 focused on deepening presence in current LatAm markets, Act 2 on expanding beyond financial services (marketplace, telecom), and Act 3 on building a global AI-driven digital banking model. The company is investing in a proprietary core banking platform to enable future international expansion with a "call option approach," without significant changes to current expense levels.

    AI-generated summary of the company’s earnings call. Not investment advice.