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    XYZ
    Earnings call· Dec 2024(Q4 FY24)

    Block, Inc. XYZ

    Feb 20, 2025 Source

    Executive summary

    Block Q4 FY24 — Strong Profitability and Accelerated Growth Outlook

    Block delivered strong profitability and operating leverage in Q4 FY24, driven by disciplined execution and strategic reorganization. The company is focused on accelerating growth in 2025 across both Square and Cash App, leveraging product launches like Afterpay on Cash App Card and Cash App Borrow expansion, and aiming for a Rule of 40 run rate by year-end. This year is positioned as a critical execution period, emphasizing development velocity and a unified product roadmap.

    Highlights

    5
    • Gross profit reached $8.89 billion in 2024, representing 18% year-over-year growth.

    • Adjusted EBITDA was $3.03 billion, up 69% year-over-year.

    • Adjusted operating income increased to $1.61 billion, a more than 4.5x increase year-over-year, delivering 13 points of margin expansion.

    • Adjusted free cash flow for 2024 was $2.07 billion, compared to $515 million a year ago.

    • Achieved 36.5% on a Rule of 40 basis in 2024, up 7 points from the prior year.

    Concerns

    2
    • Q1 FY25 gross profit growth and adjusted operating income are expected to be the low point for the year due to an incremental 50 basis points of FX headwinds and lapping the leap year.

    • Cash App monthly active users (MAUs) have been relatively flat at around 57 million for several quarters, though growing 2% year-over-year in December.

    Guidance & targets

    11
    CategoryTargetConfidence
    Full-year 2025 Gross Profit
    at least 15% year-over-year or at least $10.22 billion
    high materiality
    High
    Full-year 2025 Adjusted Operating Income
    $2.1 billion or approximately 21% margin
    high materiality
    High
    Acquisition Spend Growth
    more than 20% year-over-year
    medium materiality
    High
    Headcount
    remain below our 12,000-person cap
    low materiality
    High
    Rule of 40 Run Rate
    exit 2025 at a Rule of 40 run rate
    high materiality
    High
    Q1 FY25 Gross Profit Growth
    low point for both gross profit growth and adjusted operating income throughout the year
    medium materiality
    High
    Q1 FY25 Square GPV Growth
    high single digits
    medium materiality
    High
    Cash App Gross Profit Growth Acceleration
    more pronounced acceleration throughout the year, exiting well above the Q1 gross profit growth rate
    medium materiality
    High
    Square Gross Profit Growth
    align closely with GPV trends in 2025, accelerating off the Q1 levels
    medium materiality
    High
    Cash App Actives Growth
    relatively flat on a year-over-year basis
    medium materiality
    High
    Proto Bitcoin Mining Initiative Contribution
    start benefiting growth
    low materiality
    Medium

    Segment performance

    3
    SegmentRevenueYoYQoQMargin
    Square
    Square's gross profit grew 15% in 2024. GPV accelerated in Q4, driven by improvements in same-store sales and customer retention, particularly in food and beverage and retail verticals. Marketing investments ramped in H2 2024 with strong ROIs, expected to compound in 2025.
    GPV growth YoY: 10% (Q4)U.S. GPV growth YoY: 6.9% (Q4)International GPV growth YoY: 25% (Q4)
    15%
    Cash App
    Cash App's gross profit grew 21% in 2024. Sustained strong growth driven by product velocity and stacking new S curves. Significant opportunity with Borrow expansion and Afterpay on Cash App Card. MAUs were 57 million in December, up 2% YoY.
    Paycheck deposit actives: 2.5 million (December), up 25% YoYCash App Borrow monthly actives: 5 million (end of 2024)Cash App Card monthly actives: 25 million (December)
    21%
    Afterpay
    Growth primarily driven by core 'pay in 4' offering and accelerated gift card growth. Strong global revenue retention, especially in the enterprise segment. Consumer receivables losses were below the 1% target, indicating responsible growth. Afterpay on Cash App Card launched this week.
    GMV growth YoY: 19% (Q4)Gross profit growth YoY: 23% (Q4)Consumer receivables losses: 0.97% of GMV (Q4)

    Operational metrics

    16
    Adjusted EBITDA
    $3.03 billionup 69% year-over-year
    FY24
    Adjusted Operating Income
    $1.61 billionmore than 4.5x increase year-over-year
    FY24
    Rule of 40
    36.5%up 7 points from the year prior
    FY24

    Sum of gross profit growth and adjusted operating income margin.

    Square Gross Profit Retention
    more than 100%
    2024

    As existing customers continue to grow.

    Cash App Gross Profit Retention
    more than 100%
    2024

    As existing customers continue to grow.

    Cash App Borrow Originations (beta)
    nearly $150 million
    beta period

    For Afterpay on Cash App Card during its testing phase.

    Cash App Borrow Actives Taking Loan
    25%
    recent survey

    Of actives who received an offer.

    Cash App Borrow Actives Inflows
    13% morethan non-Borrow actives
    recent survey
    Cash App Borrow Actives Transactions
    6% morethan non-Borrow actives
    recent survey
    Cash App Borrow Actives Variable Profit
    10% higherthan non-Borrow actives
    recent survey

    Excluding the profit generated directly from Borrow.

    Q1 FY25 Gross Profit Growth Headwind (Leap Year)
    roughly 1-point
    Q1 FY25
    Q1 FY25 Square Gross Profit Growth Headwind (FX)
    approximate 1-point
    Q1 FY25
    Square Banking Growth
    36%
    Q1 2024

    Represents a tough comparable for Q1 FY25.

    Afterpay GMV Growth
    19%year-over-year
    Q4
    Afterpay Gross Profit Growth
    23%year-over-year
    Q4
    Afterpay Consumer Receivables Losses
    0.97%below our 1% target
    Q4

    Industry KPIs

    4
    MetricValueDetails
    Capital returns
    Active consumers57 millionMAUs
    Payments volume gdv10%%
    Cards in force credentials25 millionmonthly actives

    Product announcements

    9
    ProductTypeDetails
    Afterpay on Cash App Cardlaunch
    Project Gooselaunch
    Square Kioskupdate
    Square Bar Tabslaunch
    Square Scan To Paylaunch
    Square House Accountslaunch
    Square Instant Payouts for marketplace delivery orderslaunch
    Square App Consolidationupdate
    Proto Bitcoin Mining Systemlaunch

    Risks & headwinds

    5
    FX rates2025

    incremental 50 basis points of headwinds

    Leap year impactQ1 FY25

    roughly 1-point headwind to gross profit growth

    Tough comparable for Square BankingQ1 FY25

    36% growth in Q1 2024

    Tough comparable for Cash App Bitcoin pricingQ1 FY25

    full quarter benefit of pricing changes and price appreciation in Q1 2024

    Cash App MAU flatnessFY25

    relatively flat on a year-over-year basis this year

    Mitigation: Focus on inflows per active and monetization rate (ARPU) for gross profit growth.

    What to watch in Q1 FY25

    5

    Square GPV acceleration

    Q1 FY25 and throughout 2025
    Current10% YoY in Q4 FY24 (U.S. 6.9%, International 25%)
    TargetHigh single digits in Q1 FY25, building to low double digits by year-end

    Why it matters

    Indicates effectiveness of marketing, sales, and product investments in the Square ecosystem and overall business health.

    We expect Q1 Square GPV growth, when you isolate for that constant currency and leap year, to be in the high single digits, building to low double digits as we exit the year.

    Q&A highlights

    7

    What non-financial indicators will demonstrate Block's execution progress in 2025, and how will this year differ from previous ones?

    Jack highlighted development velocity, citing "Project Goose" as an example of rapid internal AI tool development. He also mentioned improved go-to-market clarity, a more open roadmap for Square, and a company-wide prioritized roadmap with clear accountability to accelerate product development and market adaptation. Amrita added focus on Square GPV acceleration, Cash App paycheck deposit actives, achieving Rule of 40 run rate, and building next S-curves like Borrow and Afterpay on Cash App Card.

    We intend to double our growth rate across our business, and a lot of that has to do with how we configure ourselves.

    asked by Tien-Tsin Huang · answered by Jack Dorsey

    2 min read6 chapters

    Detailed Narrative

    01

    Organizational Reconfiguration and Development Velocity

    Jack Dorsey highlighted that Block spent 2024 reconfiguring its organization to enable faster execution and development velocity in 2025. An early proof point is "Project Goose," an AI assistant built by a small team in months, demonstrating the new speed and potential for internal and external expansion. This reorganization has led to a prioritized, stack-ranked roadmap across all products and services, improving accountability and resource allocation and allowing for quicker adaptation to market needs.

    02

    Cash App Growth Drivers and Product Expansion

    Amrita Ahuja detailed key drivers for Cash App's accelerated growth in 2025, including expanding Cash App Borrow to more customers with higher limits, improving underwriting, and integrating it with Direct Deposit. The launch of Afterpay on Cash App Card, after a year of testing with nearly $150 million in originations during beta, is expected to significantly increase spending through the card and deepen customer engagement. The company believes it is at the start of another growth phase by "banking its base" and stacking new product S-curves.

    03

    Square Ecosystem Enhancements and Go-to-Market Strategy

    Square's GPV and gross profit are expected to improve throughout 2025, driven by increased marketing investments with strong ROIs, expanded sales and partnership strategies, and platform enhancements. Recent product launches like Bar Tabs, Scan to Pay, and Instant Payouts for marketplace delivery orders, enabled by the platform shift, aim to close feature gaps and attract larger sellers. The focus is on simplifying the go-to-market approach and providing a more robust commerce platform beyond just payments.

    04

    Neighborhood Network Strategy to Connect Ecosystems

    Block is leveraging its unique position with both seller (Square) and individual (Cash App) ecosystems to build a "neighborhood network." This strategy aims to connect Cash App customers with Square merchants, offering tools like instant cash back, loyalty programs, and remote ordering. The initiative, currently in beta in a few cities, focuses on simplifying merchant onboarding and providing a "one-button push" for sellers to access new traffic and tools, ultimately driving more commerce and sales.

    05

    Profitability and Efficiency Focus

    The company achieved significant profitability improvements in 2024, with adjusted EBITDA up 69% and adjusted operating income up over 4.5x. For 2025, Block targets $2.1 billion in adjusted operating income, expanding margin by 240 basis points, even with increased acquisition spend. The company remains committed to disciplined growth, maintaining headcount below its 12,000-person cap, and aiming for a Rule of 40 run rate by the end of 2025, demonstrating a balance between growth investments and efficiency.

    06

    Bitcoin Mining Initiative (Proto) Outlook

    Jack Dorsey expressed significant excitement about the open-source Bitcoin mining system, Proto, highlighting a large market opportunity due to customer demand for alternatives to the current single dominant player. The company's 3-nanometer process and open-source nature are expected to offer better performance and customization. Chips are being manufactured and will roll out with full systems this year, with Proto expected to start benefiting growth in the second half of 2025, potentially changing market dynamics.

    AI-generated summary of the company’s earnings call. Not investment advice.