Detailed narrative
Operational recovery across all segments
Nine-month average production reached 751 kboe/d, near the top of the 740–750 guidance, supported by Caño Sur and CPO-09 in Colombia (together +24,000 bbl/d YoY), the Permian in the U.S. (106 kboe/d net, ~14% of group), and mitigation of deferred barrels at Caño Limón (+4,400 bbl/d QoQ).
Domestic crude of 519 kbbl/d was the highest since 2021. Transportation averaged ~1,098,000–1,118,000 bbl/d, and refining rebounded to ~429 kbbl/d after H1 maintenance — the second-highest quarterly throughput in segment history.
Financial results and efficiency program
Q3 EBITDA rose 11% QoQ to COP 12.3 trillion at a 41% margin, with net income up 42% QoQ to COP 2.6 trillion, driven by the refining recovery, strict OpEx control and better ISA results that offset FX and low prices.
Cumulative 9M EBITDA was COP 36.7 trillion. The efficiency and profitability program delivered COP 4.1 trillion YTD — 40% above the period target — spanning cross-cutting costs, maintenance, energy costs and logistics; announced measures show 84% progress on cost/expense actions and 77% on investment optimization.
Cost structure and unit economics
Total unit cost in the Hydrocarbons business line was $45.5/bbl as of September, down $1.8 YoY, while lifting cost fell $0.44 to $11.8/bbl, meeting the market target despite dollar-cost pressure from FX. Levers included substituting naphtha with LPG and other additives in dilution (naphtha value down 13% YoY), reducing subsurface maintenance interventions and cost per intervention, and improving drilling metrics such as cost per foot drilled.
The Barrancabermeja conversion index continued rising as fuel-oil output was redirected to higher-value products like diesel.
Balance sheet, liquidity and financing
Cash stood at COP 14.1 trillion, up COP 1 trillion QoQ, with liquidity secured through year-end. Gross debt/EBITDA was 2.4x (1.7x excluding ISA and its acquisition debt, below the industry median). Fitch reaffirmed the global rating at BB+ and standalone profile at BBB-.
Financing rests on three pillars: prepaying short-term obligations, renegotiating bank debt (targeting up to 105 bps USD / 85 bps local cost reduction, already Ministry-approved), and new facilities including a committed COP 700 billion revolving line with Davivienda at IBR + 2.65.
Gas strategy and energy transition
Ecopetrol and Petrobras announced commercialization of Sirius offshore gas (up to 249 MMcf/d, first production ~2030, sales contracts by Dec 12, 2025). The Coveñas LNG regasification project (FSRU hub, ANLA-approved) advances with a tender launched Oct 14 concluding January 2026.
Renewable self-generation capacity reached 254 MW after La Iguana solar (26 MW) energized, delivering ~COP 42 billion YTD savings; the Coral green hydrogen project at Cartagena is 55% complete with Q2 2026 commissioning; and Ecopetrol fully closed the Statkraft solar portfolio acquisition to become sole owner.
Portfolio optionality and capital allocation
Management reiterated it and its shareholders are not interested in divesting the Permian, though any portfolio decision goes to the Board. Capital is steered toward higher-profitability assets, with partner-funded structures (e.g., a Parex alliance in Putumayo of ~COP 350 million) used to monetize non-prioritized fields and lower lifting costs.
YTD CapEx of $4.179 billion was 72% of the annual plan (62% Hydrocarbons, 13% Energies for Transition, 25% Transmission & Toll Roads; 75% growth vs 25% maintenance).
Tax, FX and macro overhangs
Ecopetrol SA and the Cartagena refinery accumulated COP 12.2 trillion of tax credits (COP 5.2 trillion offset YTD); management said DIAN officially discarded an embargo in the controversy and that all financial obligations are being met. The FEPC fuel-price stabilization fund no longer materially affects working capital.
FX hedging protected 11–15% of dollar revenues in Q3, with 2026 coverage initiated; each COP 100 move in the exchange rate implies ~COP 700 billion of full-year net-profit sensitivity, and the recent peso appreciation toward COP 3,950 (vs COP 4,150 plan) requires additional offsetting measures.
